胃 癌症

迹象 & 症状

癌症 of the stomach, 也作胃癌, can be difficult to detect before it has spread. 通常，在早期阶段没有任何症状. 当出现症状时，可能包括以下情况:

• 消化不良或胃灼热
• 腹部不适或疼痛
• 恶心和呕吐
• 腹泻或便秘
• 饭后胃胀气
• 食欲不振
• 虚弱和疲劳
• 出血，包括吐血或便血

诊断

找出症状的原因, 你的十大赌博平台排行榜会记下你的病史, 进行身体检查并推荐实验室研究. 您还可以参加以下一项或全部考试:

• 粪便隐血试验(FOBT). FOBT是一种检查粪便中隐血的方法. This test is done by placing a small amount of stool on a plastic slide or on special paper. 它可以在你的十大赌博平台排行榜办公室测试或送到实验室. This test is done because stomach cancer sometimes causes bleeding that cannot be seen. 然而, 非癌性疾病也可能导致出血, so having blood in the stool does not necessarily mean that a person has cancer.
• 上GI系列. 这些都是 食管和胃的x光片 (上消化道). x光片是在你喝了钡溶液后拍的，钡溶液是一种浓稠的白色液体. 这种检查有时被称为钡餐检查. Barium outlines the stomach on the X-rays, helping your doctor find tumors or other abnormal areas. During the test, your doctor may pump air into the stomach to make small tumors easier to see.
• 内窥镜检查. 这是一个 检查食道和胃 使用薄板, 点亮的管子称为胃镜, 哪一种通过口腔和食道进入胃. 你的喉咙被喷上局部麻醉剂以减少不适和呕吐. 你也可以服用药物来放松它们. Through the gastroscope, your doctor can look directly at the inside of the stomach. 如果发现异常区域, 你的十大赌博平台排行榜可以做活检, 或者通过胃镜切除一些组织.
• 活组织检查. A 活组织检查 组织样本是在显微镜下检查的吗, 这是唯一确定癌细胞是否存在的方法.

治疗

放射治疗

放射治疗 is the use of X-rays or other high-energy rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation for gastric cancer comes from a machine outside the body, or external radiation therapy. 放疗可以单独使用，也可以在手术和化疗的基础上使用.

化疗

化疗使用药物杀死癌细胞. 化疗 may be taken by pill, or it may be put into the body by a needle in the vein or muscle. 化疗 is called a systemic treatment because the drug enters the bloodstream, 穿过身体, 并能杀死胃外的癌细胞.

Treatment given after surgery when no cancer cells can be seen is called adjuvant therapy. There is evidence that adjuvant therapy consisting of chemotherapy and radiation following surgery for cancer of the stomach is effective in some patients.

手术

胃切除术是胃癌最常见的治疗方法. The surgeon removes part or all of the stomach, as well as some of the tissue around the stomach.

胃部分切除后, your doctor connects the remaining part of your stomach to the esophagus or the small intestine. After a total gastrectomy, your doctor connects the esophagus directly to your small intestine.

因为癌症可以通过淋巴系统扩散, lymph nodes near the tumor are often removed during surgery so a pathologist can check them for cancer cells.